Emmener des élèves au Mémorial et au Musée d'Auschwitz-Birkenau est une lourde responsabilité. Cet acte citoyen important contribue néanmoins à mieux faire comprendre ce que représente Auschwitz alors que disparaissent les derniers survivants.Cet ouvrage est destiné à fa fois aux enseignants organisant des visites pédagogiques sur des lieux authentiques de mémoire, ainsi qu'aux guides, chercheurs et éducateurs qui, au quotidien, travaillent au contact des jeunes à Auschwitz.La visite d'un lieu authentique de mémoire n'a rien de magique et nécessite une méthodologie réfléchie appropriée. Afin de prévenir tout comportement inadéquat de la part des jeunes et un non-retour sur investissement, une préparation et une réflexion avant et après la visite s'imposent. Les enseignants doivent préparer les jeunes à une approche didactique qu'ils peuvent n'avoir jamais envisagée auparavant.Ce pack offre un aperçu de la complexité du comportement humain qui permet à l'eleve de mieux appréhender ce qu'est un citoyen. En quoi est-il directement concerné par ce qui s'est passé à Auschwitz ? Comment les mécanismes d'exclusion tels que développés dans le cas, sans précèdent, de l'Holocauste sont-ils encore présents et actifs dans la société européenne d'aujourd'hui, sous forme de racisme ou d'antisémitisme ?Enfin et surtout, les jeunes qui vont visiter Auschwitz dans les prochaines années deviendront les témoins des derniers témoins, les maillons de la mémoire. Leur génération sera la dernière à avoir entendu sur place les derniers survivants.Le Conseil de l'Europe, le ministère polonais de l'Education et le Mémorial et Musée d'Auschwitz-Birkenau sont à l'origine de ce projet commun dans une perspective de prévention des crimes contre l'humanité à partir de l'enseignement de la mémoire de l'Holocauste.
Dozens of investments have been made in cultural monuments and historic environments in the countries of South-East Europe over the last decade in accordance with the principles of the European Union and Council of Europe Ljubljana Process. Whether investing in cultural heritage actually produces dividends for local economies and improves the quality of life of communities has not been previously demonstrated, however. This book reports on a pilot exercise carried out by the Research Unit on South Eastern Europe at the European Institute of the London School of Economics and Political Science. It develops a methodology for the collection of evidence needed to monitor and evaluate the wider benefits of investment in cultural heritage.
This book presents the findings of a study on six completed projects in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It identifies the challenges to achieving sustainable development goals - and how they may be met - and the benefits, both direct and indirect, that can arise from developing and valorising cultural heritage sites and increasing their influence on the sustainability of the local economy and on quality of life.
On the basis of detailed case studies, the book provides an overview of the main challenges facing cultural heritage in South-East Europe from a pan-European perspective and analyses the institutional and policy framework for effective sustainable rehabilitation. It concludes with an assessment of lessons learned from the study and makes some suggestions for generating wider benefits from future investment in the cultural heritage of South-East Europe.
The objective of this manual is to support teachers and practitioners in Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/HRE). It addresses key questions about EDC and HRE, including competences for democratic citizenship, the objectives and basic principles of EDC/HRE, and a whole school approach to education for democracy and human rights.
The manual consists of three parts. Part I outlines the basic principles of EDC/HRE as far as they are helpful and meaningful for the practitioner. Part II gives guidelines and tools to design, support and assess the students' processes of constructivist and interactive learning. Part III provides toolboxes for teachers and students in EDC/HRE.
The other volumes in this series offer concrete teaching models and materials in EDC/HRE for pupils from elementary to upper secondary level.
This report analyses the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in terms of the promotion of cultural diversity, as championed by the Council of Europe particularly through its "White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue" (2008). The Court's views on the governance principles and preconditions of intercultural dialogue - and particularly the case law on freedom of thought, conscience and religion, freedom of expression and freedom of association and assembly - provide guidelines for politicians, academics and practitioners alike.
Taking groups of students to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum is a heavy responsibility, but it is a major contribution to citizenship if it fosters understanding of what Auschwitz stands for, particularly when the last survivors are at the end of their lives. It comes with certain risks, however.
This pack is designed for teachers wishing to organise student visits to authentic places of remembrance, and for the guides, academics and others who work every day with young people at Auschwitz.
There is nothing magical about visiting an authentic place of remembrance, and it calls for a carefully thought-out approach. To avoid the risk of inappropriate reactions or the failure to benefit from a large investment in travel and accommodation, considerable preparation and discussion is necessary before the visit and serious reflection afterwards. Teachers must prepare students for a form of learning they may never have met before.
This pack offers insights into the complexities of human behaviour so that students can have a better understanding of what it means to be a citizen. How are they concerned by what happened at Auschwitz? Is the unprecedented process of exclusion that was practised in the Holocaust still going on in Europe today? In what sense is it different from present-day racism and anti-Semitism?
The young people who visit Auschwitz in the next few years will be witnesses of the last witnesses, links in the chain of memory. Their generation will be the last to hear the survivors speaking on the spot.
The Council of Europe, the Polish Ministry of Education and the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum are jointly sponsoring this project aimed at preventing crimes against humanity through Holocaust remembrance teaching.
Migration to and within Europe has profoundly changed the life and image of the continent. This guide offers theoretical and practical tools for an innovative approach to a key political issue: how, along with our immigrant fellow-citizens, can we build a fair and plural society that ensures the well-being or all?
By moving beyond rigid categories like "foreigner", "immigrant" and "illegal , and ambiguous concepts like "identity", "diversity , "immigration control and "integration", this guide suggests that policy makers, civil servants and citizens need to question their own vocabulary if they are to grasp the complexity and uniqueness or people's migration paths.
Perceiving migrants simply from the host country's point or view - the security, well-being and life-style of its nationals - has limitations. We cannot see people of foreign origin only as a threat or a resource to be exploited. If we see them as stereotypes, we are seeing only a mirror of European fears and contradictory aspirations. This guide helps readers decode and address the structural problems of our society, looking at the accusations made against migrants and the utilitarian view or the advantages that immigrants bring to host societies.
In publishing this guide, the Council or Europe is seeking to initiate an in-depth debate on the migration issue, which is so high on the European political agenda.
Political rhetoric on human rights in Europe is different from daily reality. Almost every politician is on record as favouring the protection of freedom and justice. Standards on human rights have been agreed at European and international level; many have been integrated into national law; but they are not consistently enforced. There is an implementation gap. It is this implementation gap that this book seeks to address. It is built on a compilation of separate "viewpoints" or articles which Thomas Hammarberg has written, and later updated, since beginning his mandate as Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights in April 2006. He has now visited almost all of the 47 member states of the Council of Europe. On each visit he has met victims of violations of human rights and their families, leading politicians, prosecutors, judges, ombudsmen, religious leaders, journalists and civil society representatives as well as inmates of prisons and other institutions, law enforcement personnel and others. The "viewpoints" written on the basis of these many visits summarise his reflections, conclusions and recommendations.
What laws should states enact to protect and promote their cultural heritage, and what administrative systems can they put in place to manage their cultural heritage policies most effectively? This revised and expanded guidance document aims to provide authoritative information on good practice in three primary areas:
- the architectural heritage;
- the archaeological heritage; and
- the movable heritage.
Consideration is given to integrated approaches to conservation, in particular those which take into account the global concept of sustainable development and the need for community involvement in formulating legal and institutional mechanisms.
This publication is part of a series launched in 2000 on topics of general interest, based on experience acquired through pilot projects in different countries, and made available to all those involved in heritage in the member states of the Council of Europe.
Many people in Europe are stigmatised because of their sexual orientation or gender identity and cannot fully enjoy their universal human rights. Some of them are victims of violence, others have fled to Europe from countries where they risk being persecuted. Organisations representing lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons have been denied registration or banned from organising peaceful meetings in some states in Europe. Too few politicians have taken a firm stand against homophobic and transphobic expressions, discrimination and violence. This report presents the results of the largest socio-legal study ever carried out on discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in the 47 member states of the Council of Europe. Six thematic chapters give a broad overview of the human rights situation of LGBT persons and recommendations are provided for developing and implementing effective measures to address discrimination. The report is intended as a tool for dialogue with authorities and other stakeholders. It constitutes a baseline study for further action in both legislative and policy fields to ensure that all LGBT people can effectively exercise their human rights.
Not by bread alone gathers essays on higher education, including some written especially for this book. They cover three key areas: the missions of higher education, public responsibility and qualifications. Together, these essays spell out a view of higher education as a key factor in developing modern societies built on the fundamental Council of Europe values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. They also underline the key role of higher education in developing the ability of our societies to conduct intercultural dialogue.
To fulfil its role, higher education needs to prepare for citizenship as well as for employment, for personal development as well as for the development of a broad knowledge base. Our vision of higher education and its multiple purposes must be reflected in the way we view qualifications. We also need to take a close look at how the public responsibility for higher education and research can best be exercised in a society with many actors, all of which have their own legitimate agendas. In this situation, public authorities have an overall responsibility for coherent education policies.
Defending ethics in sport is vital in order to combat the problems of corruption, violence, drugs, extremism and other forms of discrimination it is currently facing. Sport reflects nothing more and nothing less than the societies in which it takes place. However, if sport is to continue to bring benefits for individuals and societies, it cannot afford to neglect its ethical values or ignore these scourges.
The major role of the Council of Europe and the Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport (EPAS) in addressing the new challenges to sports ethics was confirmed by the 11th Council of Europe Conference of Ministers responsible for Sport, held in Athens on 11 and 12 December 2008. A political impetus was given on 16 June 2010 by the Committee of Ministers, with the adoption of an updated version of the Code of Sports Ethics (Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)9), emphasising the requisite co-ordination between governments and sports organisations.
The EPAS prepared the ministerial conference and stepped up its work in an international conference organised with the University of Rennes, which was attended by political leaders, athletes, researchers and officials from the voluntary sector. The key experiences described in the conference and the thoughts that it prompted are described in this publication. All the writers share the concern that the end result should be practical action - particularly in terms of the setting of standards - that falls within the remit of the EPAS and promotes the Council of Europe's core values.
Inequality limits young people's chances in life. Yet equality is the basis of democracy and Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights secures the rights and freedoms of the young "without discrimination on any ground". Research shows that inequality - in opportunities, wealth or health, for example - is widespread in Europe and that the citizens of richer countries do not necessarily have healthier profiles than those of poorer countries. The citizens of egalitarian countries, on the other hand, have the highest life expectancy. This book examines many aspects of inequality and opportunity for young people including schooling, employment, social exclusion, labour migration, trafficking, disability, cultural and religious discrimination, youth work, and opposition and resistance.
The Council of Europe, the oldest European organisation, was founded in 1949 with the aim of unifying the continent as a whole. The decision to establish its headquarters in Strasbourg was, moreover, symbolic of the desire for reconciliation between peoples. From the outset the Council of Europe adopted an institutional structure comprising a committee of ministers and a parliamentary assembly - the first in Europe. This book retraces the history of the Organisation.
Consisting initially of Western European states, the Council of Europe was destined to embrace all the continent's countries, but the Cold War delayed its enlargement. It is only since 1989 that the Council of Europe has become a truly pan-European organisation, now comprising 47 member states.
Its mission is based on three major goals: protecting human rights, promoting democratic values and guaranteeing the rule of law. The Council of Europe is also very active in fostering co-operation in all areas of life: education, sport, culture, etc. Starting in 1959, the European Court of Human Rights grew to become the Organisation's flagship institution: its judgments are binding on the member states.
As an intergovernmental organisation, the Council of Europe has had to contend with the growth of the European Union and has sought constantly to redefine its role in international relations. In these early years of the 21st century, will it succeed in securing a key position in the European institutional architecture?
Il y a loin du discours politique sur les droits de l'homme à la réalité quotidienne en Europe. Certes, les responsables politiques se disent presque tous favorables à la protection de la liberté et de la justice. Des normes relatives aux droits de l'homme ont été adoptées aux niveaux européen et international et, pour beaucoup d'entre elles, intégrées en droit interne. Pour autant, ces normes ne se traduisent pas toujours dans les faits, car elles ne sont pas systématiquement mises en oeuvre.C'est de ce déficit de mise en oeuvre que traite le présent ouvrage. Il rassemble des « points de vue » ou des articles que Thomas Hammarberg a publiés, puis mis à jour, depuis qu'il exerce les fonctions de Commissaire aux droits de l'homme du Conseil de l'Europe, c'est-a-dire depuis avril 2006. A ce jour, il s'est rendu dans la quasi-totalité des 47 Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe. A chaque fois, il a rencontré des victimes de violations des droits de l'homme et leur famille, des responsables politiques, des procureurs, des juges, des policiers, des ombudsmans, des chefs religieux, des journalistes, des représentants de la société civile, des personnes détenues ou internées. Les « points de vue » que l'ont inspirés ces multiples visites résument ses réflexions, conclusions et recommandations.
This is the third book in the Pestalozzi series. The first, Teacher education for change, dealt with the underlying philosophy of the Pestalozzi Programme and its approach to education in general and teacher education in particular. The second Intercultural competence for all, looked at the various implications of promoting the development of intercultural competence as a main concern of mainstream education.
This work takes a step further towards the full integration of intercultural competences as a key element within the education system. It aims at offering an educational rationale and conceptual framework for the development of intercultural competence, as well as a clear description of its constitutive elements to be developed in and through education.
The work of the Council of Europe for democracy is strongly based on education: education in schools, and education as a lifelong learning process of practising democracy, such as in non-formal learning activities. Human rights education and education for democratic citizenship form an integral part of what we have to secure to make democracy sustainable.
Hate speech is one of the most worrying forms of racism and discrimination prevailing across Europe and amplified by the Internet and social media. Hate speech online is the visible tip of the iceberg of intolerance and ethnocentrism. Young people are directly concerned as agents and victims of online abuse of human rights; Europe needs young people to care and look after human rights, the life insurance for democracy.
Bookmarks is published to support the No Hate Speech Movement youth campaign of the Council of Europe for human rights online. Bookmarks is useful for educators wanting to address hate speech online from a human rights perspective, both inside and outside the formal education system. The manual is designed for working with learners aged 13 to 18 but the activities can be adapted to other age ranges.
The training programme for Roma mediators, launched in 2011, is unique in terms of the fundamental effects it produces, both in Europe at large and in the 47 member states of the Council of Europe.
This work sets out to contextualise the initiatives taken, highlight their utility and evaluate them. It is intended to provide guidance for the programme leaders, enable active participants - trainers, mediators, employers and others - to see their efforts as part of an overall scheme, help policy makers to take the right decisions and describe and explain the operation to a broader audience.
The programme's activities concerning Roma are a model for positive action. They make an effective contribution to European co-operation, action to combat discrimination and marginalisation and the search for ways to improve difficult situations. ROMED therefore helps to fuel the development of intercultural policies capable of managing present-day societies, of which diversity and pluralism are the hallmarks.
Créé en 1949, le Conseil de l'Europe, première organisation européenne, avait pour objectif l'unification du continent dans son entier. Le choix de Strasbourg pour y établir son siège symbolisait d'ailleurs la volonté de réconciliation entre les peuples. Le Conseil de l'Europe s'est doté dès le départ d'une structure institutionnelle comportant un Comité des ministres et une Assemblée parlementaire - la première en Europe. Cet ouvrage retrace l'histoire de cette organisation.
Constitué au départ par des Etats d'Europe occidentale, le Conseil de l'Europe avait vocation à intégrer tous les pays du continent, mais cet élargissement a été retardé par la guerre froide. Ce n'est qu'à partir de 1989 que le Conseil de l'Europe est devenu une véritable organisation paneuropéenne qui compte désormais 47 Etats membres.
Sa mission est centrée sur trois objectifs majeurs: protéger les droits de l'homme, promouvoir les valeurs démocratiques et garantir l'Etat de droit. Mais le Conseil de l'Europe développe également une activité intense pour favoriser la coopération dans tous les domaines de la vie sociale : éducation, sport, culture, etc. A partir de 1959, la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme devient l'institution phare du Conseil : ses arrêts s'imposent aux Etats membres.
Organisation intergouvernementale, le Conseil de l'Europe est confronté à l'évolution de l'Union européenne et cherche constamment à redéfinir sa place dans les relations internationales. A l'aube du XXIe siècle, parviendra-t-il à occuper une position clé dans l'architecture européenne ?
Terrorism has become one of the major threats facing both states and the international community, in particular after the terrorist attacks in the United States, Madrid and London, which revealed a whole new scale and dimension of the phenomenon. An effective response is absolutely necessary; this response, however, cannot undermine democracy, human rights, the rule of law or the supreme values inherent to these principles.There is no universally agreed definition of "terrorism", nor is there an international Jurisdiction before which the perpetrators of terrorist crimes can be brought to account. The European Court of Human Rights is the first international Jurisdiction to deal with such a phenomenon. For many decades and through more than four hundred cases, it has elaborated a clear, integrated and articulated body of case law on responses to terrorism from a human rights and rule of law perspective. Thus, this is a handbook on counter-terrorism with a special focus on due respect for human rights and rule of law.This book compiles the doctrine laid down by the European Court of Human Rights in this field with a view to facilitating the task of adjudicators, legal officers, lawyers, international IGOs, NGOs, policy makers, researchers, victims and all those committed to fighting this scourge. The book presents a careful analysis of this body of case law and the general principles applicable to the fight against terrorism resulting from each particular case. It also includes a compendium of the main cases dealt with by the Strasbourg Court in this field and will prove to be a most useful guiding tool in the sensitive area of counter-terrorism and human rights.
With the rise of the Internet, the opportunities to express oneself have grown exponentially, as have the challenges to freedom of expression. From the Arab Spring to the global Occupy movement, freedom of expression on the Internet has had a profound impact on the debates which shape our future. At the same time, an increasing number of states use the Internet to spy on journalists and citizens, to prosecute and jail bloggers, and to censor online information.
This book sets out to answer essential questions regarding the extent and limits of freedom of expression online. It seeks to shed light on the often obscure landscape of what we are allowed to say online and how our ideas, and the process of imparting and receiving information, are protected.
It shows the large ambit of rights protected by freedom of expression - including freedom of the media and the right to access information via the Internet. It also highlights the importance of the standard-setting, monitoring and promotion activities of international and non-governmental organisations, with a chapter on relevant national practices that illustrates how different states deal with the challenge that the Internet has brought to ensuring freedom of expression for all. As the importance of the Internet in our daily lives grows, readers will find this book to be a valuable resource for understanding the rights and obligations of each actor on the Internet, including states, Internet companies and civil society.
L'action du Conseil de l'Europe en faveur de la démocratie est fortement axée sur l'éducation : l'éducation à l'école, mais aussi l'éducation en tant que pratique de la démocratie tout au long de la vie, comme dans le cadre des activités d'apprentissage non formel. L'éducation aux droits de l'homme et l'éducation à la citoyenneté démocratique font partie intégrante du socle que nous devons bâtir pour faire de la démocratie une réalité durable.
Le discours de haine est l'une des formes les plus inquiétantes de racisme et de discrimination qui sévit aujourd'hui en Europe, amplifiée par internet et les médias sociaux. Le discours de haine en ligne n'est que la partie visible de l'iceberg de l'intolérance et de l'ethnocentrisme. Les jeunes sont directement concernés, en tant qu'acteurs et victimes d'abus des droits de l'homme en ligne. L'Europe a besoin que les jeunes veillent aux droits de l'homme et les protègent : c'est là l'assurance-vie de la démocratie.
Connexions vise à soutenir le Mouvement contre le discours de haine, autrement dit, la campagne de la jeunesse du Conseil de l'Europe pour les droits de l'homme en ligne. Connexions est un outil précieux pour les éducateurs qui souhaitent aborder le discours de haine en ligne sous l'angle des droits de l'homme, tant dans le système éducatif formel que dans le cadre de l'éducation informelle. Ce manuel a été conçu pour travailler avec des apprenants de 13 à 18 ans, mais les activités proposées peuvent être adaptées à d'autres groupes d'âge.
The Revised European Convention on the" Adoption of Children (RECAC) was introduced by the Council of Europe in 2008, in an effort to provide a modern framework for the adoption of children. It represents an international consensus on acceptable child adoption, reflecting the different views, legal diversity and common heritage of member states.
This book provides an in-depth analysis and commentary on each of the 30 articles of the revised convention. It is a comprehensive work which explores the changes and developments that have taken place since the 1967 Convention on the Adoption of Children first emerged. It is a detailed, one-stop source for judges, social workers, legislatures and adoption practitioners on all aspects of the RECAC. This clear and incisive text is divided into three parts, commencing with an overview of the convention, followed by an examination of the general principles and concluding with the final clauses.
Cet ouvrage propose aux spécialistes de l'éducation des pistes de réflexions sur le défi que représente dans les communautés plurielles la diversité des religions et convictionnelle. Quatre équipes de chercheurs, en provenance d'Algérie, d'Espagne, d'Italie et du Maroc, ont analysé la place de l'éducation à la diversité religieuse à l'école dans le cadre du projet du Conseil de l'Europe « Education et diversité religieuse en Méditerranée occidentale ».
Les travaux ont mis en évidence l'interdépendance de la réflexion sur la place de la religion à l'école entre les rives nord et sud de la Méditerranée. En effet, les migrants en Europe obligent les pouvoirs publics et les systèmes éducatifs à réfléchir autrement à la question religieuse à l'école. Au Maghreb, l'expérience des pays comme l'Espagne ou l'Italie dans l'évolution des liens institutionnels entre État et religion est un élément clef du débat actuel sur la place de la religion à l'école et dans la démocratisation en cours des sociétés maghrébines.
Les chercheurs considèrent que l'on ne peut pas traiter les religions à l'école par la mise à l'écart, l'ignorance ou l'exclusion, car les élèves ne laissent pas leurs convictions religieuses et non religieuses ou leurs spiritualités à domicile. Tout le défi est, dès lors, de tenter d'identifier les meilleurs moyens pédagogiques pour introduire des connaissances, des compétences et des comportements appropriés à propos des religions.
